The fashion industry is on a trajectory where self-regulation may be coming to a drawn-out end. The fashion industry contributes an estimated 4% of the world's total greenhouse gas emissions, with fast fashion companies like H&M, Shein, and Zara responsible for half of those emissions. As people learn more about this reality, pressure from a growing number of climate-conscious consumers have forced large fashion brands to invest in voluntary sustainability efforts to prove they're doing something about their impact on the planet.